Vascular Surgery

Vascular Surgery

At Zheen International Hospital, our Vascular Surgery Department provides advanced diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases affecting the blood vessels. Led by internationally trained Consultant Vascular Surgeons, we offer both surgical and minimally invasive procedures designed to restore proper circulation, relieve symptoms, and prevent life-threatening complications.

Types of Vascular Disorders We Treat

Vascular disorders can affect any part of the circulatory system. Our specialists diagnose and treat a wide range of vascular conditions, including:

1. Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)
   A condition where plaque builds up in the arteries supplying the legs, leading to poor blood flow, pain while walking, and, in severe cases, non-healing wounds or gangrene.
2. Varicose Veins and Spider Veins
   Enlarged, twisted veins caused by weakened valves that disrupt normal blood flow. Symptoms include leg swelling, heaviness, discomfort, and cosmetic concerns.
3. Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
   A blood clot forming in the deep veins—usually in the legs. If untreated, it can travel to the lungs, causing a pulmonary embolism, a potentially life-threatening condition.
4. Aneurysms
   A bulging or weakening in an artery wall, most commonly in the aorta. If ruptured, it can lead to severe internal bleeding requiring urgent medical intervention.
5. Carotid Artery Disease
   Narrowing of the carotid arteries (which supply blood to the brain) due to plaque buildup, increasing the risk of stroke or transient ischemic attacks (mini-strokes).
6. Chronic Venous Insufficiency (CVI)
   A long-term condition where blood pools in the veins of the legs, leading to swelling, skin discoloration, and ulcer formation.
7. Diabetic Vascular Disease
   Patients with diabetes often develop poor circulation, especially in the legs and feet, resulting in delayed wound healing and increased risk of infection or amputation.
8. Vascular Malformations and Lymphedema
   Abnormal development of blood or lymphatic vessels that may cause chronic swelling, discomfort, and pain.
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Common Causes of Vascular Disorders

Vascular diseases often develop gradually due to a mix of lifestyle, medical, and genetic factors. Common causes include:

• Atherosclerosis (artery hardening) – buildup of fatty deposits in blood vessels
• High blood pressure (hypertension)
• Diabetes mellitus – damages small and large blood vessels over time
• Smoking – a major risk factor for arterial narrowing and aneurysms
• High cholesterol – leads to plaque buildup
• Obesity and sedentary lifestyle – reduces circulation efficiency
• Genetic predisposition or family history
• Blood clotting disorders
• Aging – natural wear and loss of vessel elasticity

At Zheen International Hospital Hospital, we focus on identifying these underlying causes through detailed assessments and targeted management — addressing not just the symptoms but the root of the problem.

Common Symptoms of Vascular Disorders

Vascular disorders may develop silently, but recognizing early warning signs is essential to prevent serious complications.

Symptoms of Arterial Disorders

• Leg pain or cramping when walking (claudication)
• Coldness or numbness in legs or feet
• Pale, bluish, or shiny skin
• Non-healing wounds or ulcers on the legs or feet
• Weak or absent pulses in the legs

Symptoms of Venous Disorders

• Swollen, heavy, or aching legs
• Visible varicose or spider veins
• Skin darkening or thickening near the ankles
• Itching, burning, or tingling sensations
• Leg ulcers or sores that heal slowly

Symptoms of Carotid Artery Disease

• Dizziness or fainting
• Sudden weakness or numbness (especially on one side of the body)
• Blurred vision or slurred speech
• Temporary vision loss in one eye

If you experience any of these symptoms, prompt consultation with a vascular surgeon is vital for timely diagnosis and treatment.

Treatment Options at Zheen International Hospital

We offer a complete range of surgical and non-surgical treatments, customized to each patient’s condition and overall health.

1. Medical Management & Lifestyle Changes

For early-stage vascular conditions, conservative care may include:

• Medications to control blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar
• Antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy to prevent clots
• Weight management and smoking cessation programs
• Supervised exercise therapy to improve circulation

2. Minimally Invasive Endovascular Procedures

Our vascular surgeons specialize in advanced endovascular (catheter-based) techniques offering faster recovery and shorter hospital stays:

• Angioplasty and Stenting: To open narrowed arteries using balloons and mesh stents
• Endovenous Laser or Radiofrequency Ablation (EVLA/RFA): To treat varicose veins without surgery
• Thrombectomy or Thrombolysis: To remove or dissolve blood clots
• Embolization Procedures: To stop abnormal bleeding or block diseased vessels

3. Surgical Procedures

For complex or advanced cases where minimally invasive methods are unsuitable:

• Bypass Surgery: Creating an alternate pathway for blood flow using a graft
• Carotid Endarterectomy: Removing plaque from carotid arteries to prevent stroke
• Aneurysm Repair (Open or Endovascular): Reinforcing weakened artery walls
• Varicose Vein Ligation and Stripping: Surgical removal of damaged veins